Firewoodis pieces of wood using for combustion in the furnace, the furnace, fireplace, or any fire as fuel(to produce light and heat).When manufacturing firewood tree trunks and thick branches sawed into pieces (lumps) 40-60cm in length, and then split lengthwise with an ax into smaller parts (butt square to 100 sq. cm).
In the process of splitting usually use a special ax splitting (blade in the shape of a wedge with an angle of 30°).Cleaver easily splits the thickest chocks, allowing you to reduce the force of impact. Sometimes in the process of splitting chocks ax blade stuck in the cracks. In such cases, the ax usually inverted (chock up) and beat for another chock butt.
As a kind of fuel, wood is the most environmentally safe fuel for humans.
According to the calorific value of wood are three groups:
- harvested from oak, beech, hornbeam, birch, ash, maple, larch and elm;
- harvested from alder and pine;
- harvested from fir, spruce, cedar, linden, aspen, poplar and willow.
Firewood from trees one group called homogeneous and different groups of species are mixed.
According to the wood moisture content are: raw, dry and air-dry. First contain more than 50% moisture, the second — 25 — 50% and air-dry wood containing less than 25% moisture.
Length firewood standardized GOSTs and is 0.25 m, 0.33 m, 0.50 m, 0.75 m and 1 m.
If the thickness of the wood is from 3 to 14 cm, wood thickness of 15 — 25 cm split into two parts, the thickness of 26 — 40 cm, into four roughly equal parts, well logs with a diameter greater than 40 cm are usually split on parts so that the longest line was split over the face of not more than 20 cm.
When storing firewood, placing them to the rectangular woodpile of different lengths (10 meters or more), and a specified height (1 meter, 1.5 meters, 2 meters).
There are two types for stacking firewood: dense (in the clip) or loose.
In the case of dense laying split logs stacked on edge and side splits seal tightly to each other. Thin logs are laid in the spaces between large pieces.
Loose laying method involves stacking firewood chopped firewood bark up, split side down. In such a woodpile are a lot of voids.
The coefficient of wood is the amount of firewood dense of wood pulp contained in the joint as divided by the volume of the reserve measures. For example, in one ck. cu. m wood contained 0.7 cc. m thick of wood pulp and 0.3 cubic meters accounted for emptiness. In this case, the coefficient of wood is 0.7.
Firewood from different tree species has different characteristics. For example, birch firewood easily flares up and gives a long, steady flame. Evaporation during incineration disinfect bath and fill it with a pleasant aroma.Only retain flavor birch wood stored for at least 2 years. When burning birch wood it is important to keep the dosage air in the furnace to smoke do not sublime and birch tar resin.
Alder firewood in our country is considered as the best.Its coloring the air with a reddish color, that’s whyit is easy to distinguish from other logs.When burning alder wood gives a lot of heat and do not actually smoke. Bath alder wood has Cough action, and dry sauna withit makes a person more cheerful and energetic.
Firewood dry quickly and for very long time, sometimes more than 3 years, then it can retain its unique flavor.
Aspen wood is used torun firebox furnaces when cleaning soot and flues.This wood is difficult to ignite, but when placing the already melted one in the oven, it keeps the heat for a long time.
And of course, the most common firewood from softwoodare: spruce and pine. Pine wood burns hotter spruce, as they have more resin.In tarred wood in the combustion process, with a sharp increase in temperature, burst sinus resin (small cavities with clusters of resin in the wood). When its cracking strong, it sparks in all directions. Therefore, the use of wood requires compliance with minimum safety (for example, do not leave unattended open stove door).
